About D.A Gallery
Id Application 2
week 1 to week 5
Research about drug abuse
Drug abuse
•There is a great concern over drug addiction in Malaysia. The most abused drugs in the country include heroin, methamphetamine and amphetamine type stimulants, kratom, cannabis and ketamine.
•Opioid continues to be the most widely abused drug in the country, but the abuse of other substances is also increasing.
•Drug addiction has huge consequences to the individuals involved and their family. It has a devastating impact on the individuals’ physical and mental health, as well as their psychosocial well-being.
Issue
•The social pressure to belong, to be accepted, and to be part of a social group, especially in teenagers, prompts them to conform to their peer group, and start trying out drugs. That’s how it usually begins.
•Students of higher institution have low knowledge regarding the effects of drugs and a significant number of respondents have been exposed to an environment of rampant drug abuse
Reason to try drugs
•Out of curious
•feeling excited and energetic, or relaxed and calm
•help them cope with situations — for example, reducing pain or relieving stress
•have a drug dependency and need to keep taking them to avoid withdrawal symptoms
Curiosity
•Curiosity is a natural part of life and teenagers are not immune to the urge. Many teens begin experimenting with drugs and alcohol simply because they are curious and want to know what it feels like.
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•Even if they know that drugs are bad, they don’t believe that anything bad can happen to them. Educating your child on the repercussions of drug and alcohol abuse may extinguish this curiosity.
•It is hard for them to believe that drugs can be hazardous for their health because they think they are invincible, and drugs won’t do anything bad to them
Genetics
•If there is a family history of drug addiction or alcoholism, teenagers may be genetically predisposed to experiment with drugs and alcohol and become addicted.
Although poor choices are part of being a teenager, they can’t be blamed for their genes, especially if they haven’t been educated. If there is a family history of addiction, be honest and open a dialogue about the real risks of substance abuse
What is the Social pressure that makes them to try drugs
Peer Pressure
•can influence teens' choices about a lot of things. New research shows that, when making a decision, teens think about both the risks and rewards of their actions and behaviors—but, unlike adults, teens are more likely to ignore the risk in favor of the reward.
•The term peer pressure is often used to describe instances where an individual feels indirectly pressured into changing their behavior to match that of their peers. Taking up smoking and underage drinking are two of the best-known examples.
•Believe it or not, but peer pressure is one of the main reasons why teenagers start experimenting with drugs. When teens enroll in high school, they come across different people and get influenced by their actions. They see their peers taking drugs, so they think it’s a normal act. They also begin to think that if everyone else is doing it then they should also do it. In order to fit into their peers' group or act cool in front of other students, they take on drugs. Teens should be taught to differentiate between right and wrong people and learn to avoid the bad company.
TYPE OF SOCIAL PRESSURE
1. Spoken Peer Pressure
Spoken peer pressure is when a teenager asks, suggests, persuades or otherwise directs another to engage in a specific behavior. If this is done in a one-on-one environment, the recipient of the influence has a stronger chance of adhering to his or her core values and beliefs. If, however, the spoken influence takes place within a group, the pressure to go along with the group is immense.
2. Unspoken Peer Pressure
With unspoken peer pressure, a teenager is exposed to the actions of one or more peers and is left to choose whether they want to follow along. This could take the form of fashion choices, personal interactions or ‘joining’ types of behavior (clubs, cliques, teams, etc.). Many young teens lack the mental maturity to control impulses and make wise long-term decisions. Because of this, many teens are more susceptible to influence from older or more popular friends.
3. Direct Peer Pressure
This type of peer pressure can be spoken or unspoken. Direct peer pressure is normally behavior-centric. Examples of these kinds of behavior would be when a teenager hands another teen an alcoholic drink, or makes a sexual advance, or looks at another student’s paper during a test. The other teen is put in a position of having to make an on-the-spot decision.
4. Indirect Peer Pressure
Similar to unspoken peer pressure, indirect peer pressure is subtle but can still exert a strong influence on an impressionable young person. When a teen overhears a friend gossiping about another person and then reacts to the gossip, that is indirect peer pressure. Or if a middle schooler learns that the popular kids’ parties include alcohol or drugs, that indirect pressure may prompt them to experiment as a way to gain acceptance.
5. Negative Peer Pressure
Asking a young teenager to engage in behavior that is against their moral code or family values is a type of negative peer pressure. Teens see the actions of other teens with stronger personalities and are put in a position of following the leader or walking away. It’s not uncommon for teens with strong morals to find themselves engaging in behavior that goes against their beliefs, simply because they want acceptance. Young people often lack the skills to come up with an excuse or reason to say no to negative peer pressure.
6. Positive Peer Pressure
A group dynamic can be a positive peer influence if the behaviors are healthy, age-appropriate and socially acceptable. For instance, if a peer group wants to make good grades, a young teen can be positively influenced to study. Or if a popular friend wants to earn money and save to buy a car, a less outgoing teenager may also be influenced to get a job and open a savings account. If members of the football team take a pledge to abstain from drinking alcohol to focus on staying healthy and having a winning season, other students may adopt the same behavior.
Risk
•Trying drugs as a teenager increases your chance of developing substance use disorders. The earlier the age of first use, the higher the risk of later addiction.
•Addiction also happens to adults. Adults are at increased risk of addiction when they encounter prescription pain-relieving drugs after a surgery or because of a chronic pain problem.
•If they have physical health problems like heart disease, high blood pressure, epilepsy, diabetes, asthma or liver problems, drug use could be more dangerous and possibly make their health problem worse.
Drugs come from:
•Plant — for example, cannabis, mushrooms, or tobacco
•Processed plant products — for example, alcohol, or heroin
•Synthetic chemicals — for example, ecstasy or amphetamines
The processes used to make drugs varies widely, but drug products have 2 main types of ingredients:
•active ingredients — the ingredients that biologically affect your body
•inactive ingredients — these generally have no biological effect. They include binding agents,
capsules, dyes, preservatives, flavourings and other ingredients
3 type of drugs
Legal Drugs
Some drugs, such as alcohol, caffeine, nicotine and various prescribed and over-the-counter medications, are legal but may be subject to restrictions based on age, location of use, driving and point of sale regulations.
The active ingredients in legal drugs can be regulated and controlled; the alcohol content of drinks or the milligrams of nicotine in cigarettes.
Illegal drugs
Other drugs such as cannabis, amphetamines, ecstasy, cocaine and heroin, are illegal. They are not subject to quality or price controls and the amount of active ingredient is not consistent. A person using illegal drugs can never be sure of how strong the drug is, or what is actually in it.
Different batches of an illegally manufactured drug may have different amounts of the drug and other unidentified additives.
Illicit drugs
Illicit drugs include:
•illegal drugs
•prescription medicines that have been obtained illegally or are not being used for medicinal purposes
•other substances that are being used inappropriately — for example, sniffing glue or inhaling paint thinner
Drugs have different categories may affect bodies:
•Opium-related painkillers
•Depressants — slow down the function of the central nervous system
•Hallucinogens — affect your senses and change the way you see, hear, taste, smell or feel things
•Stimulants — speed up the function of the central nervous system
Opium-related painkillers
These make you feel:
•a rush of pleasure
•in a dreamy state
•drowsy
They are very dangerous at high doses. They are addictive.
Depressants
slow down the messages between the brain and the body — they don’t necessarily make you feel depressed.
The slower messages affect:
•your concentration and coordination
•your ability to respond to what’s happening around you
Small doses of depressants can make you feel relaxed, calm and less inhibited.
Larger doses can cause sleepiness, vomiting and nausea, unconsciousness and even death.
Examples include:
•alcohol
•benzodiazepines (minor tranquillisers such as Valium)
•cannabis
•GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate)
•ketamine
•opioids (heroin, morphine, codeine)
Hallucinogens
Hallucinogens change your sense of reality — you can have hallucinations. Your senses are distorted and the way you see, hear, taste, smell or feel things is different. For example, you may see or hear things that are not really there, or you may have unusual thoughts or feelings.
Have been used in medicine for many conditions. Such as obesity, sleep disorders, mood disorders, impulse control disorders, asthma, nasal congestion
Small doses can cause a feeling of floating, numbness, confusion, disorientation, or dizziness.
Larger doses may cause hallucinations, memory loss, distress, anxiety, increased heart rate, paranoia, panic and aggression.
Examples include:
•cannabis
•ketamine
•LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide)
•psilocybin (magic mushrooms)
•PCP (phencyclidine)
Stimulants
Stimulants speed up the messages between the brain and the body. This can cause:
•your heart to beat faster
•your blood pressure to go up
•your body temperature to go up — leading to heat exhaustion or even heat stroke
•reduced appetite
•agitation
•Sleeplessness
You can feel more awake, alert, confident or energetic.
Larger doses can cause anxiety, panic, seizures, stomach cramps and paranoia.
Examples include:
•amphetamines (speed and ice)
•caffeine
•cocaine
•ecstasy (MDMA — methylenedioxyethamphetamine)
•nicotine (tobacco)
Concept
Friendship
Meandering(Element)
Life may have many ways to go, if you meet a friend with a good attitude
it will lead you to the right way. When you having a friend who has a bad
habit you will follow the way same as your friend. With a friend who has
no way to go, they will walk through with a pointless trip but with a friend
who knows what should they go or do in their future, it is a good thing.
Friend will be one of the reasons that influence people surrounding start
to try the drug. If joining a group that has drug abuse, you will get addicted
to drugs. It will affect their health problem will be getting worse.
Concept model & sketches
Case Study 1
The Drug Enforcement Administration Museum’s, United States (DEA)
The Drug Enforcement Administration Museum's mission is to educate on the history of drugs, drug addiction, and drug law enforcement in the United States.
The museum provides engaging and state-of-the-art exhibits, displays, interactive stations, and educational outreach programs. Current exhibits include “Illegal Drugs in America: A Modern History” and “Good Medicine, Bad Behavior: Drug Diversion in America.” The DEA Museum also has a traveling exhibit, “Drugs: Costs & Consequences.”
Case Study 2
The Indiana State Museum’s (FIX: Heart break and hope inside our opioid crisis), Unites State
We walked through isolation and quarantine not knowing what to do next. And our opioid problem got bigger. With this powerful exhibit, the Indiana State Museum is committed to finding ways for Hoosiers to deal with the stresses of our new normal. Our goal is to break the stigma surrounding opioid use disorder, remove the shame and isolation surrounding this disease, and show how we can play a pivotal role in managing this crisis.
THE SCIENCE BEHIND O.U.D.
Step inside a giant brain and explore the science behind opioid use disorder. Through a series of animated videos that show how opioids can hijack our neuro pathways, you’ll discover the chemical changes that are taking place inside the brain and how opioids change your thought and behavioral patterns.
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